Environmental Comparison of 100kWh from Foldable Containers

How many foldable containers are needed for the Inland network?

Out of a total of about 5000 containers, an estimated fleet and critical mass of just 695 foldable containers are required for the inland network under study (and the rest of the containers being conventional ones), with a 71% load factor on the back haul.

How can a container-handling system reduce emissions?

Emission reduction was estimated based on the energy consumption of RTGs, automatic stacking cranes (ASCs) and yard trucks 30. Using a renewable power source for container-handling equipment achieved significant emission reductions 31. Approximately 55% of the total emissions in a port are from ships.

How can a renewable power source reduce the emissions of container-handling equipment?

Using a renewable power source for container-handling equipment achieved significant emission reductions 31. Approximately 55% of the total emissions in a port are from ships. Thus, it is also necessary to measure emissions from berthing as the ship's auxiliary engine continues to function during loading and unloading 32.

What are the benefits of foldable containers?

The purported benefits of foldable containers are numerous (if not yet proven). They are said to be able to not just reduce transportation costs, congestion and carbon footprint, but also alleviate space constraints at seaports (e.g. Konings and Thijs, 2001, Bandara et al., 2015 ).